PHP导入导出EXCEL方法

EXCEL, PHP

最近因项目需要，需要开发一个模块，把系统中的一些数据导出成Excel，修改后再导回系统。就趁机对这个研究了一番，下面进行一些总结。" S& z/ k' |) Q: k$ B7 f
基本上导出的文件分为两种：
1：类Excel格式，这个其实不是传统意义上的Excel文件，只是因为Excel的兼容能力强，能够正确打开而已。修改这种文件后再保存，通常会提示你是否要转换成Excel文件。; l6 j4 g' |2 Y8 S0 x3 ?
优点：简单。
缺点：难以生成格式，如果用来导入需要自己分别编写相应的程序。
2：Excel格式，与类Excel相对应，这种方法生成的文件更接近于真正的Excel格式。
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如果导出中文时出现乱码，可以尝试将字符串转换成gb2312，例如下面就把$yourStr从utf-8转换成了gb2312:
$yourStr = mb_convert_encoding("gb2312", "UTF-8", $yourStr);: P* w6 D; |3 H+ r/ p8 N8 z/ y0 q
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下面详细列举几种方法。6 n1 E! w5 B6 H* e
一、PHP导出Excel
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1：第一推荐无比风骚的PHPExcel，官方网站： http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel
导入导出都成，可以导出office2007格式，同时兼容2003。
下载下来的包中有文档和例子，大家可以自行研究。
抄段例子出来：
<?php" b+ j! H# e4 @, n; p' Q
/**6 S. S0 E8 o1 Q& m$ S
* PHPExcel
*
* Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel* U$ L: t9 d+ t( [0 s; Z1 u
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or/ V  T4 i) R- E7 u+ u
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either5 l! R; I* R! x8 Z+ H' p6 {
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*" t8 O/ j4 ?4 P
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,) \: E+ H% {3 L; Q6 ^# O1 U; D
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of# O+ h% q) w: g, Q
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.: T# e1 O$ H: p$ l* @/ G
*7 V8 \( T# D1 J; F; J
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public( j' X" r" |$ d
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA# h) G' E. E- s0 P
*% i7 j( \, @3 @+ d- Q
* @category PHPExcel
* @package PHPExcel) ^' x% w2 n5 M) ^3 Q. N* _+ ^' L
* @copyright  Copyright (c) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel ( http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel)
* @license http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt LGPL
* @version 1.5.0, 2007-10-23
*/

/** Error reporting */
error_reporting(E_ALL);7 W- d& w7 B; b2 w+ U* g

/** Include path **/
set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . '../Classes/');

/** PHPExcel */7 E  M  v2 w0 e: W
include 'PHPExcel.php';
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/** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */
include 'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php';

// Create new PHPExcel object
echo date('H:i:s') . " Create new PHPExcel object\n";
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();
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// Set properties, x4 Y) H9 S, M0 G
echo date('H:i:s') . " Set properties\n";
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw");
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw");9 T. t- t  K+ b+ B
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");% c0 m; A7 p. z% t' }' r) I
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescrīption("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.");$ I# a: B: m' A5 @) t! S
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php");
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory("Test result file");

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// Add some data
echo date('H:i:s') . " Add some data\n";
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A1', 'Hello');3 S0 X+ ~. A1 _8 {
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B2', 'world!');$ |6 A9 {$ P. \: U( }
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C1', 'Hello');$ a2 x  g$ [9 ]" h2 a$ h* K# O
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D2', 'world!');, `& z0 d8 c1 ?% s" \4 P
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// Rename sheet% Y- S( |# A+ o; m( z) n
echo date('H:i:s') . " Rename sheet\n";0 \) s7 ~+ d6 b8 D- J
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('Simple');3 M+ e0 y' r8 d8 I+ u4 q

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// Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet$ V3 D+ M4 O: u: y
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
# ~  `& @& B6 Q! J; Y$ n

// Save Excel 2007 file
echo date('H:i:s') . " Write to Excel2007 format\n";  p9 c( @% V2 _6 s6 B+ t
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);+ M# D+ u% m# j- j
$objWriter->save(str_replace('.php', '.xlsx', __FILE__));
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// Echo done4 n% D# g% D# U- |8 L* y4 S& o
echo date('H:i:s') . " Done writing file.\r\n";

2、使用pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer类3 ^5 Y- z. W) M' S/ g$ _& H1 I
下载地址： http://pear.php.net/package/Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer
此类依赖于OLE,下载地址：http://pear.php.net/package/OLE
需要注意的是导出的Excel文件格式比较老，修改后保存会提示是否转换成更新的格式。; B) O# E  {4 O; A: i% x  A
不过可以设定格式，很强大。
<?php
require_once 'Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php';
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// Creating a workbook
$workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer();
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// sending HTTP headers
$workbook->send('test.xls');
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// Creating a worksheet
$worksheet =& $workbook->addWorksheet('My first worksheet');
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// The actual data
$worksheet->write(0, 0, 'Name');
$worksheet->write(0, 1, 'Age');1 M1 ~. I+ G4 b, E
$worksheet->write(1, 0, 'John Smith');
$worksheet->write(1, 1, 30);
$worksheet->write(2, 0, 'Johann Schmidt');
$worksheet->write(2, 1, 31);
$worksheet->write(3, 0, 'Juan Herrera');
$worksheet->write(3, 1, 32);
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// Let's send the file
$workbook->close();
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3:利用smarty，生成符合Excel规范的XML或HTML文件
支持格式，非常完美的导出方案。不过导出来的的本质上还是XML文件，如果用来导入就需要另外处理了。
详细内容请见rardge大侠的帖子：http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=745757

需要注意的是如果导出的表格行数不确定时，最好在模板中把"ss:ExpandedColumnCount="5" ss:ExpandedRowCount="21""之类的东西删掉。' d% Y1 F8 q! r- \

4、利用pack函数打印出模拟Excel格式的断句符号，这种更接近于Excel标准格式，用office2003修改后保存，还不会弹出提示，推荐用这种方法。
缺点是无格式。
<?php$ A0 o4 b& G9 v' b  N( _" j  e; \) |
// Send Header) K  N. H. h' i9 n! d" T, y' I# W
header("Pragma: public");
header("Expires: 0");8 p' w! {  I* E8 ~1 [
header("Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0");; `$ _. ^. c- j6 s# f2 t
header("Content-Type: application/force-download");* K: O4 b/ k- @3 J8 _! h# l
header("Content-Type: application/octet-stream");
header("Content-Type: application/download");;
header("Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=test.xls ");
header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary ");) p4 ^! h/ I; P& D
// XLS Data Cell. F) d  j) L1 j

xlsBOF();
xlsWriteLabel(1,0,"My excel line one");( j8 `; p# {3 w
xlsWriteLabel(2,0,"My excel line two : ");
xlsWriteLabel(2,1,"Hello everybody");* ^' D" {# o- }; G
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xlsEOF();

function xlsBOF() {
echo pack("ssssss", 0x809, 0x8, 0x0, 0x10, 0x0, 0x0);
return;
}
function xlsEOF() {
echo pack("ss", 0x0A, 0x00);: j7 |& r3 F- }( C7 y( y
return;
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function xlsWriteNumber($Row, $Col, $Value) {. U) L4 H. Y  m$ c! J6 @* d
echo pack("sssss", 0x203, 14, $Row, $Col, 0x0);& |2 M1 a5 `! ^- H
echo pack("d", $Value);
return;3 U. c1 O% p1 _
}" u9 c0 }7 o* J
function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) {
$L = strlen($Value);
echo pack("ssssss", 0x204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0x0, $L);# |6 X+ p/ f  c
echo $Value;7 ]# V9 ^, `& q' m. M! W# r7 V% r
return;1 S% K# F" H6 D' c8 @
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?>
不过笔者在64位linux系统中使用时失败了，断句符号全部变成了乱码。2 m. K% w' O7 Y  g% \( T+ s

5、使用制表符、换行符的方法
制表符"\t"用户分割同一行中的列，换行符"\t\n"可以开启下一行。9 J$ o/ N& Y. d$ a- M+ }% b
<?php% Z& }/ C2 V& N& Z' U* ^; [! q. x
header("Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-execl");
header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=myExcel.xls");
header("Pragma: no-cache");/ U9 B% e8 |# U, y5 p
header("Expires: 0");
/*first line*/  B) R. I5 ]: |% S$ M4 C3 y3 Q
echo "hello"."\t";9 c. H: x3 ?# g) z) P, Z$ G
echo "world"."\t";5 W) p5 X7 T5 w  \
echo "\t\n";

/*start of second line*/
echo "this is second line"."\t";
echo "Hi,pretty girl"."\t";. A. M; t% e, @- V3 r
echo "\t\n";% C% x* G! w9 F( y3 X" ^# e
?>- Q3 P# N4 ~; i  ?* C

6、使用com8 K, N& E- K! X' }
如果你的PHP可以开启com模块，就可以用它来导出Excel文件# {0 w3 j% X& t
<?PHP8 X( j) q" M7 S
$filename = "c:/spreadhseet/test.xls";
$sheet1 = 1;. H( W9 Y: C! `, k( G
$sheet2 = "sheet2";+ z& ]) s2 J9 h0 E7 N: N6 N7 E
$excel_app = new COM("Excel.application") or Die ("Did not connect");. ~. C/ A$ L/ h, {0 n5 |
print "Application name: {$excel_app->Application->value}\n" ;
print "Loaded version: {$excel_app->Application->version}\n";
$Workbook = $excel_app->Workbooks->Open("$filename") or Die("Did not open $filename $Workbook");  `2 ~  g8 F/ \5 t
$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet1);
$Worksheet->activate;
$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range("C4");6 ]- {: O* p3 t  B
$excel_cell->activate;  P# Y8 i$ S% \- p3 E" _6 |
$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;, g) _1 S/ H# E" i+ o2 k" j2 i
print "$excel_result\n";
$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet2);
$Worksheet->activate;, e6 X  L0 o4 s7 n, i6 V. A
$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range("C4");) g( \8 d6 j+ h9 k; B- {
$excel_cell->activate;8 x1 t) ~) A; h* G& [& N/ x' p
$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;
print "$excel_result\n";' E. {7 }' p/ n5 a7 U
#To close all instances of excel:
$Workbook->Close;0 i) C' Q7 C5 ^% b$ f0 g1 f% I
unset($Worksheet);$ Y" @4 D5 j! g% R' L" K4 v
unset($Workbook);
$excel_app->Workbooks->Close();
$excel_app->Quit();' d- a4 ~( D1 I. ?
unset($excel_app);
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一个更好的例子： http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16928/showart_387171.html

一、PHP导入Excel
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1：还是用PHPExcel，官方网站： http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel。* c# ]8 D" \& {# Q  E% f
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2：使用PHP-ExcelReader,下载地址: http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpexcelreader* `* e7 @8 O, T. E! q8 m
举例：0 `5 m: ^( @( X& A3 }9 x
<?php; `, D, A! L5 b6 Y( N, V8 U
require_once 'Excel/reader.php';

// ExcelFile($filename, $encoding);8 r9 b4 M* l5 y% X/ G* r
$data = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Reader();4 \  X5 m# Q7 D2 r
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// Set output Encoding.
$data->setOutputEncoding('utf8');

$data->read(' jxlrwtest.xls');
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error_reporting(E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE);

for ($i = 1; $i <= $data->sheets[0]['numRows']; $i++) {
for ($j = 1; $j <= $data->sheets[0]['numCols']; $j++) {7 L% E! Q2 H, t$ I
      echo "\"".$data->sheets[0]['cells'][$i][$j]."\",";( A: ~& w& C0 e- B. k8 h0 f
}
echo "\n";
}$ g5 A9 O) o, V4 h$ I
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?>

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